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fI-IENRY EMRENESS, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK.

"METHOD oF MAKING soAP eAki-zs.

. sPEcmcAcrzoN fcrmig pm of Leners Patent No. 683,181, dated september- 24, 1901.

Application tiled Hay 5, 1900. l Serial No. `16.585. (No specimens.)

To @ZZ whom, t 11i/ay con/cocine:

Be it known that I, y'HENRY E. MERENESS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Albany, in the county of Albany and State of New York, haveinvented new and useful improvements in methods of producing cakes or b ars of soap which combine two or more distlnct-ly-contrasting colored opaque bodies of soap, of which the This invention relates to au improved method of'producing cakes or bars of soap which comprise diierentcolored opaque bodies of soap substance, one being exterior and the other interior., which bodies are in strong contrast as to from the sides or ends of the cakes'or bars at which the 011 telf ends ofthe con trastingcolored interior bodies terminate; and it has for its object the production oi.' cakes or bars of opaque soap which embody one or more interior body exterior body portion and a configuration of form readily recognizable, so that both the color and form of the contrasting interior body portions of the cakes may b e viewed at al1 times only from their end areas, which terminate on planes with two opposite surfaces of the exterior 4body.

The method heretofore practiced to produce cakes and bars of y eases two or more bodies of different kinds and quali-ties of soaps and in other cases two or-qnore bodies of diiferent colored soaps l and in other cases ymarked or branded-finterior bodies, which might be of substance not.

soap, enveloped Within an exterior transparent body, were both slow in steps and procedure-of operations which required a great expenditure of both time and'iabor for producing finished-commercial products. My

vnew method dispenses with the use, of 'both `exteriorand interior molds, also exterior A foi'e molds and soap-displacing devices heretofore used for both shaping and placing bodies `of soaps, by process of molding liquid soaps in formand' combining the same by removal of interior molds anddisplacing practiced, and it also produces partycolored soap Vcakes comprising an exterior body Vportion of one same color throughout color and are in View only color which is inl soap embodying in someand an interior body portion of soap of a contrasting color without employment ol' 'a series of 'parallel strips of differently-coloredl soaps produced by means of a series of dies or apertures and assembled and cemented together side by side andgproducing soap cakes having exterior body portions of divers colors, as heretofore practiced; also, obviates the employment of arbitrary designs, being furrowed in the sides of soap cakes orproduced by periorations` in the same and iilled'with colored liquids or powdered soaps and beaten into the substance of the cake, as also has been practiced.

through them, arranged in form for producing the desired trade-marks .and remaining unfilled until by use they become filled with soiled lathcrfrom the same soap, as has also been produced; and italso obviates the necess'ity of producing by expensive methods and speeialapparatus interior cores which may be of material other than soap, bearing ou one or both sides thereot` brand-naines or trade-marks sunken i'u the substance of these interior.co-res and then inserting the same intoperforations made through soap.cakes of transparent' substance,which permits these branded or marked interior cores-to act as labels which are visible through the transparent outer body portion of the cakes, as has also been practiced. 1

My met-hed to produce vsoap cakes which have integral in each cake two or more dif'- ferent-colored opaque bodiesone exterior and enveloping, except at ends, one or more interior body-pieces of different color-is clearly revealed by the following description,

taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming a tion, in which- Figure 41 is a perspective view cake of 'soap produced by my methodl and embodying the new features therein. Fig. 2 is a perspective View of the exterior or main bddyv of the cake and illustrates the iirst step. Fig. 3 is a perspective View of an interior and naller body of soap produced inthe second s ep for combining with the main body shown in Fig. 2 for producing the cake having the features shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a section elevation of the completed soap cake. Fig.

part of this specifica-- lIt avoids. the production of v soap cakes with nulnerous lsmall h'olesr of an oblong IOO ` and combined inthe 5 is a plan of acircular cake of soap produced by my method and embodying my new features and showing several different contrasting bodies of soap combined. Fig. 6 is aseotion of the same. Fig. 7 is a plan of the exterior or main body of the cake. Fig. 8 is a section of the same. Fig. 9 is a plan of au interior body. Fig. 10 is a section ofthe same. Fig.. 11 shows perspective views of three interfin terior bodies of soapemployed in the combination shown in Fig. 5. Fig, 12 is a plan of their combination with the body show n in Figs. D and V10 beforeassembled cake shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 13 is a section of same. Fig. 14 is an end view of the exterior or lmain body of a bar of soap before-the completion of the bar by mymethodr- Fig. 15 is an end view of the interior and lesser body'. Fig. 16 is a longitudinal section of said interior body. Fig. 17 is a perspective view ofthe comple'ted'bar produced by my method, and Fig. 18 is alon- Vgitndinal section'of` the same.

Similar lettersof reference refer to similar parts throughoutthe several views'.

My first-step in the practice of this method iste produce cakes or bars of what term primary form, *which primary cakes or ybars maybe made in accordance with anyknowny formulas as to combinations of4 vfatty substances or oils and'alkalis or other ingre dientsand coloring agents to be used for-prei ducing soaps offkindcojlor,- qualit-y, or characteristics preferred to be plated commercial article. able means and given to` thev com- I Any knownsnitmanner of mixing, incorporating, amalgamating, and working'the sev-v eral ingredients and substances and cooking.

the same from bringing the soap compound into condition to be cut into bars or cakes as may be found to be advantageous maybe employed. Each ofthese bars or cakes thus produced constitutes .the soap material from which are to beproduced two or more diiering body-pieces,

' body portions which may be comprised in the cakes or bars when commercially complete. My next step is to produce from the products of the iirst step (the material in the 'primary cake or bar of form above mentioned) exterior body-pieces A, which are to form the exterior body portions of the cakes-or bars when completed for marketand use, Aand the interior body-pieces B, which are to form ,'re spectively, the interior body portions of the commercially-huished cakes or bars and be of a color in the finished cakes or bars which may strongly contrast with the color of the body portion of the soap surrounding these interior body portions.

In the practice of the first step I produce two or more lots of primary cakes or bars which are the same in all respects as to their form, proportions, ingredients, quality, .and shrinking charactersticmbutv di-ierent as to color, so as to have a color contrast. For coneach for use for a different purpose and place, in the combination of as shown in Fig.

`produced and will have ..B, produced from each venience and making clear my preferred order ot Aprocedures from first to last for carrying this method in practice, I will designate one of the lots of these primary cakes or bars as lot 1in` which all of the cakes or bars are pink in color. The other lot (when but two 'lots of primary cakes are produced) I will from each primary cake in bothlots 1 and 2 of suitable cutting instruments op- (by means erated by hand, foot, orpower) an exterior body-piece A andan interior body-piece B. The body-piece A willretaain the original shape of ythefprimary, cake from which it was which) may be of any selected form' of outline cross, as shown 1n perforatons a, inexterior body-piece A,Fig. 2, or in the form of a star,

in it perforations a,

as shown in perforations a in exteriorbody-y The interior body-piece primary cake in'both lots, will bein its outline of form in shape of provided in cach of the pieceA in Fig. 14:.

same two lots, and be in the form of-a cross, "3, for correspondence with 'the perforations la (shown ink exterior body- Vpiece A in-` Fig. 2) or in form of' a star, as

shown in Fig.,15, for correspondence with the perforations a. (Shown in Fig. 14.).

It is to be understood that the cutting inf strumenta, operated to produce from the pri mary cakes or bar-sof each lot the exterior l body-pieces A, having-perforations o and the interior body-piece B in correspondence with said perforations a, ting-blades of form and with that of both the said perforatious aand A, produced 'from the IOO IIO

should embody cut` size corresponding i interior body-pieces B in their cross areas to be produced from the primary cakes and are made with the greatest possible thinness of metal consistent with their required service, so as to adapt the cutters to' produce perforations in the cakes enough to admit the nice tittin g of the interior of each lot just large body-pieces B produced and tobel inserted in the exterior body-pieces yof the other4 lot.

The second stepof procedure having been carried into practice, I now proceed with the third step in this method, which step consists in combining with each exterior body-piece A iueach of. the two lots an interior body-piece B, of form and size corresponding .with the perforations a,

differing color-that is to 'say,=the interior provided in pieces A, but Vefy body-pieces B produced from the. primary cakes or bars of lot l are combined with the exterior body-pieces A, havingperforations a` and produced from the primary cakesor the primary cakes or bars of lot`2 are com- -v bined with the pieces A, having perforations now produced convenience I here term 'nnd,4. One lot, as lot 3,

were) before a andproduced from the primary' cakes or bars of lot 1. The completed -cakes or bars will be in two lots, which for completed lots 3 will consist of having exterior 'body portions primary cakes or bars of lot 1 they were changed into bodypieces A and B and the interior body,portions of color the primary cakes of lot2 werebefore changed into pieces A and B, while the other lot, as lot 4, will consist ot cakes or bars having exterior body portions of 'color the primary cakes or bars of lot 2 were before they were changed into pieces A and B and theinterior b'ody portions of color the primary cakes or bars of lot l were before they were changed cakes or bars of color the into pieces A and 13,. This combiningof each interior body-piece B of'onecolor with a perforated exterior body-piece A of a' diiferent and contrasting color may be effected in different ways for completing thecakes-or bars. One way of procedure is by employing one apparatus which may combine a device for producing from primary soap cakes of lots 1 and 2 the exterior body-pieces A, having perforations a, and the interior body-pieces B, as above described, and also an apparatus for integrating the adjacent surface substances of both said pieces after the latter pieces have Abeen -inserted within the perforations in the former peces,.or two similar or like apparatus may be employed and operated each b'y a suitable operator, one for operating with the primary soap cakes other of similar soap cakes of lot 2, while a third operator 'may transfer alternately the interior body-pieces B ot lot 1 to within the perforations cof exterior body-pieces A of lot 2and those interior body-pieces B of lot 2 to within the perforations ct of-exterior bodypieces A, produced from lotl, and pass the same to a fourth operator, who by means'of a suitable compressing lapparatus will subject these soap cakes, now embodying the two separate, but strongly contrasting, 'colored body-pieces A and B, to pressure from outside all around the exterior body-pieces and on the exposed `ends of the interior bodypieces suiiciently great for causingthe adjacent surface substances of the interior pieces B and exterior pieces A to unite and become, in fact, `integral portions in the respective completed soap cakes, which cakes, respec- .tively, will now comprise an exterior opaque soap portion lof one color and an interior opaque soap portion of a contrasting color, of which latter the outer end surfaces-onlywill be Visible from first to last until the ca ke is used up.

. .In some cases where orders to be filled call for soap cakes having exterior body portions of all the cakes ordered to be of only one particular color and the interior body portions the necessary pieces A are to be of, say, lot 1, and thecheaply produced in portion of the order to have the interior body portion of one particular contrasting color and another stated portion of another particul lar contrasting color'I-in such cases produce interior body-pieces B` from kind as the prisuitable bars of soap of like exterior bodymary cakes from which the trasting color preferred, and combine the two said body-pieces in the manner above described as body-pieces and the interior body-pieces are both made from primarx-v cakes of'like soap, but of contrasting colors.

When the soap cakes are to embody three or more color-contrasting opaqnesoaps, having nn exterior body portion of one color and two or more interior body portions of other contrasting-colored like soaps, some of these other contrasting interior portions-say as the inter interior portions-may be produced from soap vbars of designated colors wh ose exterjor portions are not used in any soap cakes, while the outer body port-ion and thelexterior .one'of an assemblage of interior pieces, as`

piece B in Figs. 5, b', i), 10, 12, and 13, may both be made from primary cakes or bars of two-color contrasting lots 1 and 2, while the inter-interior pieces b b' b2 may be made from soap bars of different and contrasting colors and b e combined by being assembled by transfer and integration of adjacent surface substances by procetlures had substantially as I have described.

It will be readily seen that by my above-described method soap cakes, opaque in character of substance and the same in quality and 'characteristics throughout tegratewho'le of the cakes,respectively,an eX- terior body portion and an interior body portion of color strongly contrasting with that of the exterior portions, may be more rapidly and the form of hard molded cakes than by the old processes; that this method obviates the' use of numerous molds of many forms and large number of moldingplatforms of large areas and complicated and expert operations had for pouring liquid soaps and handling and areas of drying-rooms for drying the liquid products had from molding, and further obviates the practice of surface furrowing and filling marking furrows with coloreddiquid produced, but of the con'l practiced when the said' exterior` and inthe in-A manipulating the same, and also obviates the necessity of using large IOO IIO

or powdered soaps and producing, branding,

and marking pieces of soap for use as interior pieces wi thin cakes ofY transparent soaps and other expensive and slow processes heretofore employed for producing soap cakes embodying parts or portions having different and contrasting colors and diiferent qualities and characteristics.

Having described "m y invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

1. The methodhereln described, to produce vincross direction, and also a soap cake, which consists in producing a solid cake of soap of preferred form and color, then making through the saine in a preferred direction aperforation of an arbitrary design,

producing from a second cake of soap of substantially the same character as that of the said previously-perforated cake, but of a contrasting color a body of forni and proportions corresponding with the form and proportions of the perforation provided in said first `soap cake, next inserting this latter color-contrasting bodyof soap Within the perforation provided in the first cake and then uniting the adjacent surfaces of the said exterior and interior body portions ofthe cake by applying extra pressure to all the sides and ends of the same, substantially as set forth.

2. The method herein described to producel cakes of soap, which consists in producing two similar lots of'primary cakes of like form and of substantially the same ycharacter of soap, of which those of one lot are of color contrasting with that of those of the other lot, next producing from eachof the primary cakes of the respective color-contrasting lots an exterior body-piece which has through it a perforation of arbitrary form of design which is in 'cross area and proportions similar to that through t-heother cakes, and an interior bod y-piece of -outlineofforin a-nd'proportion in correspondence with the perforations in the respective exterior body-pieces, next producngitwo new lots of soap cakes from the exterior and interior body-pieces, now produced from thc original two lots of color-contrasting primary cakes, by combining the respective interior body-pieces produced from the priinarycakes of one color lotlwith the exterior body-pieces, respectively,` produced from the primary cakes of the other lot so that the interior body-pieces of like color maybe enveloped within the exterior bodypieces of the different and contrasting color, and then uniting the 'adjacent surfaces of the exterior and interior body portions of the respective cakes, of the said two new lots by extra pressure applied to all the sides and ends of the same, substantially as set forth.

Hernerv MERENEss.

WVitnes'ses:

CHARLES SELKnaK,l A. SELKIRK, Jr. 

